Abstract: Soil zinc (Zn) deficiency seriously threatens crop yield and quality on a global scale, which in turn affects human health. This paper integrates domestic and international literatures to illustrate the impact of wheat Zn levels on human health, discusses the main factors affecting wheat seed Zn levels and soil Zn levels, as well as the Zn absorption by wheat. The roles of Zn in wheat growth and development, and yield and quality are explained and countermeasures to effectively improve wheat seed Zn levels are proposed. Zn fertilizer application in Zn-deficient soil effectively improves the yield and quality of wheat grain. Zn content in wheat grains is affected by many factors such as soil moisture, soil organic matter, soil calcium carbonate content, soil pH value, etc. Zn fertilizer application in soil, zinc fertilizer foliar spray, and soil fertilizer application with foliar spray are important ways to effectively improve the yield and quality of wheat. Future research should focus on the analysis of agronomic factors regulating seed Zn content in the fertilizer-soil-crop system in order to make rational recommendations for improving Zn nutrition in wheat seed.