Abstract: Crop domestication is an evolutionary process manipulated by human acitivities.It not only changes the eco-physiological aspects of crops,microbial community structure and diversity,but also affects the relationship between bacterial and fungal communities in rhizosphere,microbial functional characteristics and crop regulation; while the change of rhizosphere microbial ecology reflects the adaptability of crops to environment.In this review,we summarized the current progress concerning the effect of crop domestication on rhizomicrobiome,as well as the driving factors for rhizosphere microbial selection strategies,which would provide a theoretical foundation for improving the ecological characteristics and functions of rhizosphere microorganisms,searching for potential special microbial resources,increasing crop resistance and nutrient absorption and achieving sustainable development of soil management in the end.