Abstract: Rice seed vigor is closely related with storage factors, which affect the quality of seedling in the coming growing season.In this paper, from the aspects of physiological metabolism, seed reserve, hereditary factors, environment factors and storage time, we analyzed factors influencing rice seed vigor and discussed the importance of keeping hypothermia and desiccation in storage period to the rice seed vigor.Also, from a view of security, we proposed to take the rice variety as a necessary premise to the research of rice seed reserve technology, deeply investigate the difference of physiological metabolism, focus on the effect of lipoxygenase(LOX) on rice seed in storage period, and finally combine conventional method with molecular biological method.