Abstract: Seed germination is the key initial stage in plant growth, and seed storage reserve plays a key role in seed germination.Reserve metabolism of stored seeds during germination differs in reserve types and species.In this review, we focused on three metabolism reserves-sugars, protein and fat in stored seeds, and summarized the roles of the three reserves and their effects on seed vigor and germination.Moreover, we illustrated the metabolism processes of storage reserves during germination in different species, and emphasized their roles in tolerating adverse conditions such as extreme temperatures, drought, saline and alkaline stresses.Future research avenues were also proposed..